Transient lingual papillitis (TLP), colloquially referred to as "lie bumps," is a benign, self-limiting, inflammatory condition of the tongue characterized by enlargement and inflammation of the fungiform papillae. While the etiology remains unclear and is often idiopathic, TLP has been attributed to local irritation, allergic reactions, viral infections, hormonal fluctuations, and psychological stress.

TLP presents with an acute onset of small, raised papules on the dorsal aspect of the tongue, typically the anterior portion, that typically resolve spontaneously within days to weeks. Lesions may be asymptomatic or accompanied by pain, burning, dysgeusia, xerostomia, and/or difficulty with speech or eating. Although most cases are isolated, recurrences can occur, particularly with repeated exposure to triggering stimuli. The classic form is localized and painful, whereas the papulokeratotic variant is painless, more generalized, and associated with a higher likelihood of recurrence.

TLP is considered common, although its true prevalence is likely underreported due to its transient nature and tendency to resolve without medical attention. It has been documented across a broad age range from childhood through late adulthood, with mean age of presentation in the fourth decade of life. A slight female predominance was observed in one study. Some reports suggest a higher incidence in atopic individuals.